SQLite UNION運(yùn)算符用于使用SELECT語句組合兩個(gè)或多個(gè)表的結(jié)果集。 UNION操作符僅顯示唯一的行(刪除重復(fù)的行)。
在使用UNION運(yùn)算符時(shí),每個(gè)SELECT語句必須在結(jié)果集中具有相同數(shù)量的字段。
語法:
SELECT expression1, expression2, ... expression_n
FROM tables
[WHERE conditions]
UNION
SELECT expression1, expression2, ... expression_n
FROM tables
[WHERE conditions];
假設(shè)有兩個(gè)表:student和department。
sqlite> .tables
department student
sqlite>
student表中具有以下數(shù)據(jù):
sqlite> select * from student;
1|Maxsu|27|Shengzhen|20000.0
2|Minsu|25|Beijing|15000.0
3|Avgsu|23|Shanghai|2000.0
4|Linsu|25|Guangzhou|65000.0
5|Sqlsu|26|Haikou|25000.0
6|Javasu|21|Shengzhen|18000.0
7|Linsu|27|Haikou|10000.0
8|Minsu|23|Guangzhou|5000.0
9|Maxsu|23|Shenzhen|9000.0
sqlite>
department表中具有以下數(shù)據(jù):
sqlite> select * from department;
1|財(cái)務(wù)部|1
2|技術(shù)部|2
3|技術(shù)部|3
4|市場部|4
5|市場部|5
sqlite>
示例1:
使用union操作符返回單個(gè)字段 -
SELECT ID FROM STUDENT
UNION
SELECT ID FROM DEPARTMENT;
執(zhí)行上面代碼,得到以下結(jié)果 -

示例2:
聯(lián)合內(nèi)部和外部連接,按照以下條件和UNION子句,將上述兩個(gè)表:student和department作為內(nèi)部聯(lián)接和外部聯(lián)接。
SELECT EMP_ID, NAME, DEPT FROM STUDENT JOIN DEPARTMENT
ON STUDENT.ID = DEPARTMENT.EMP_ID
UNION
SELECT EMP_ID, NAME, DEPT FROM STUDENT LEFT OUTER JOIN DEPARTMENT
ON STUDENT.ID = DEPARTMENT.EMP_ID;
執(zhí)行上面代碼,得到以下結(jié)果 -
